Risk Factors and Gender Difference in the Prediction of Ischemic Stroke in China

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a significant contributor to both disability and mortality, imposing a substantial impact on individuals' lives globally. The majority of stroke inpatients exhibited a higher prevalence of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP), and ischemic stroke, with a specific focus on potential gender differences. Materials and Methods: The present investigation employed a case-control design, wherein all pertinent data was obtained exclusively from the medical records of Fuzhou First People's Hospital in China. The case group consisted of 130 patients who were admitted to the Neurology Department of Fuzhou First People's Hospital for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The control group consisted of 130 hospitalised patients who did not have ischemic stroke and were admitted to the same hospital over the same period. In this study, data pertaining to physical examination, patients' clinical history, and various biochemical indicators including Hcy, BUN, Scr, and CO2CP were documented in the medical records. The examination of craniocerebral imaging was conducted with computerised tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: Multivariate binary logistic regression showed Hcy, CO₂CP, FBS, SBP had significant association with ischemic stroke (p<0.05). The odds for being ischemic stroke was increased with Hcy (adjusted OR=1.280, 95% CI=1.149-1.427, p<0.001), FBS (adjusted OR=1.267, 95%CI=1.067-1.503, p=0.007), and SBP (adjusted OR=1.033, 95%CI=1.014-1.051, p=0.001). The odds of ischemic stroke decreased with CO₂CP (adjusted OR=0.779, 95%CI=0.691-0.878, p<0.001). Conclusion: Hcy, FBS and SBP were independent and significant risk factors of ischemic stroke and CO₂CP was the protective factor for ischemic stroke in China. There was no gender difference on Hcy, CO₂CP with the incidence for ischemic stroke.