ABSTRACT

Objectives: The study examined the antibacterial properties of orthodontic composites containing clove as nanoparticles and their mechanical properties after utilizing them to attach brackets to human teeth.

Methodology: We randomly divided 75 premolars into five groups (n = 15). Clove-NPs were prepared and added with percentages of 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% to the orthodontic composite, the control group without adding. Brackets were bonded to the premolars. The force required for debonding the brackets was measured. After dislodgement, the adhesive remnant index was evaluated. In the microbial test, 135 composite discs were prepared for “the elution component test, disc agar diffusion test, and biofilm inhibition test” to investigate the colonies of bacteria on 3, 10, and 20 days and measure the inhibition growth zone millimeters and efficacy of solutions that may have clove nanoparticles consequently. The studied bacteria included “Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus."

Results: The groups had significant differences between them at the SBS test; the lowest was the 10% CNPs percentage group. According to the DAD test, S. mutans and S. sanguinis had inhibition in growth at all concentrations except 0% and 1%. The development of the Lactobacillus inhibition zone occurred at only 5% and 10% concentrations. Results of eluted samples showed that the lowest numbers of all bacterial colonies were observed on day 20 for the 2%, 5%, and 10% groups; the decrease started on day 10. According to the biofilm test, the bacterial colonies decreased for the 2%, 5%, and 10% concentration groups, and biofilm prevention occurred.

Conclusion: Clove nanoparticles will make adhesives more bactericidal and stop plaque and bacterial growth. The average shear bond strength of composites with 2% or 5% nanoparticles is still strong enough.