ABSTRACT

Background: Infertility is a worldwide health problem that can be categorised into two types: primary infertility, which refers to women who have never been able to get pregnant, and secondary infertility, which is the inability to conceive after a prior pregnancy. Material and Methods: The research was carried out at Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Women and Children in Anbar, Iraq, spanning from August 23, 2023, to December 31, 2023.This study comprised a total of 90 samples, consisting of 60 women diagnosed with infertility (30 with main infertility and 30 with secondary infertility). Additionally, 30 healthy women were included as a control group. All individuals aged between 18 and 45 years old. The hormonal analysis was conducted using the MAGLUMI® X3 Snibe diagnosis, which utilises the Fully-auto Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) System. Aims: The objective is to evaluate the blood hormone levels between women with primary infertility and those with secondary infertility, as well as to examine the association among these hormones. Results: The present study demonstrated that women with primary and secondary infertility exhibited significantly higher mean levels of FSH, LH, T3, T4, and prolactin in their blood serum compared to fertile women. Conversely, women with primary and secondary infertility had the lowest levels of estradiol hormone in their blood serum compared to fertile women. Furthermore, the study revealed a substantial positive link between follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and prolactin. Conversely, there was a negative correlation between FSH and estradiol (E2). The study found a strong positive association between LH and T3, T4. Additionally, the research reveals a negative association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and estradiol (E2). A recent study has revealed that T3 exhibits a positive correlation with T4, whereas it shows a negative correlation with E2. Additionally, T4 demonstrates a substantial negative correlation with E2. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the levels of reproductive hormones and thyroid hormones between the serum of women with primary infertility and women with secondary infertility.