ABSTRACT

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of various strategies on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The aim is to establish a scientific foundation for developing exercise recommendations that can enhance BMD in older individuals. <meta-analysis> Material and methods: Google was used to gather results from randomised controlled trials that tracked postmenopausal women for over six months in order to assess the effect of exercise on bone mineral density (BMD). We performed a Bayesian randomised network meta-analysis. Results: After sifting through 29,86 records based on titles and abstracts, we were able to add 50 trials with 3,673 participants in our network meta-analysis after they matched all of the inclusion criteria. With a mean age range of 51.92 to 80.76 years, the sample size varied from 16 to 239 people. Ten studies (20%) have excellent quality, thirty-three (66%) have moderate quality, and seven (14%). There was good convergence across all models. All results have parameter PSRF values close to 1, which means that convergence is going well. When comparing the comparison groups for all outcomes, discrepancy between direct and indirect estimates from the node splitting analysis did not reveal any significant differences. The following factors were associated with improvements in BMD at LS: multicomponent exercise (0·01 g/cm2), resistance training (0·01 g/cm2), mind-body exercise (0·01 g/cm2), lower impact exercise (0·01 g/cm2), high impact exercise (0·02 g/cm2), and whole body vibration (0·01 g/cm2), all with 95% CrI values ranging from 0·00 to 0·03. No longer was there a link between high-impact or low-impact exercise and enhanced BMD as compared to control when 7 low-quality studies were eliminated. Conclusion: This NMA demonstrates that exercise treatment significantly enhances bone mineral density in postmenopausal individuals. Furthermore, it shows that the magnitude of the influence varies depending on the duration of the intervention, the age of the participants, and the specific outcome being studied. Clinicians can refer to the study’s graded exercise interventions to choose the most effective personalised exercise routine for increasing bone mineral density (BMD).