ABSTRACT

Background: Developments in the field of platelet biology led to attention given to their origins and constituents. Objectives: we aimed to highlight the important factors involved in megakaryocytosis and platelet origin. Methods: We searched websites including PupMed, Medline, Google scholars, and Cochrane library for megakaryocytosis. Results: Platelets are a blood component. Indeed, they are not true cells but the cytoplasmic fragmentation of mature megakaryocytes. Their production process (megakaryocytopoiesis) occurs in bone marrow under the regulation of thrombopoietin, starting with the commitment and differentiation of HSCs and ending with the formation of polyploid megakaryocytes and the release of platelets in the blood stream as proplatelets. Recent research has focused on the implications of platelets not only in their primary role in hemostasis but also in other physiological, pathophysiological, and regenerative processes. The biological importance of platelets originates from their bioactive contents in the three intracellular storage granules, particularly alpha granules, as they have a wide range of growth factors. Conclusion: This resulted in the use of platelets at the target site in concentrations above the baseline, named platelet concentrates (PRP, PRF, and CGF), which are rich in platelets and growth factors.