- Yagthan Haider, Norehan Mokhtar, Husniyati Roslan, Jer Ooi Ping, Hamid Enezi
- Dental Simulation and Virtual Learning Research Excellence, Department of Dental Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
- Email: yaqthanhaiderz@student.usm.my.
- Dental Simulation and Virtual Learning Research Excellence, Department of Dental Science, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
- Email: norehanmokhtar@usm.my.
- Department of Toxicology, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia.
- Email: husniyati@usm.my.
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar Ramadi, Iraq.
- Email: ooijerping@usm.my.
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar Ramadi, Iraq.
- Email: den.hamed.hamad@uoanbar.edu.iq.
ABSTRACT
Background: The present work aims to investigate the effect of Collagen I (COL), gene expression of Osteocalcin (OC), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) on the osseointegration of dental implants in type 1 diabetes using rabbits as models. Aim of the study: The objectives of the present work are to evaluate the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the bones forming around the dental implants with diabetic conditions, besides identifying the molecular mechanism of osseointegration associated with such process. Materials and Methods: The experimental work was carried out on three experimental groups, control group, type 1 diabetic, and type 1 diabetic groups (treated with LLLT). The response evaluation time for each group was divided equally into three measurement points where samples are taken every seven days for three weeks. Results: The experiment results showed that the ALP expression was significantly elevated in the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) group in week 1. The expression in weeks 2 and 3 was increased in the diabetic group. On the other hand, the expression of OC revealed higher levels in the diabetic group across all time points. For COL I, the gene expression in weeks 1 and 2 was higher in the control group, but by week 3, it shifted to higher levels for the diabetic group. Conclusion: In conclusion, in the first week of the experiment, LLLT was shown to increase the ALP expression. However, DM has a notable effect on ALP and OC expressions. Different results of COL I expressions among the experimental groups showed a notable interaction between those variables.