ABSTRACT

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI), a predominant cause of worldwide mortality, arises from permanent myocardial necrosis resulting from ischemia. Vitamin D2 and rosuvastatin exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics; nevertheless, their cardioprotective effectiveness in myocardial infarction remains ambiguous and needs additional investigation. Objectives: is to assess the distinct cardio-protective effects of vitamin D2 and rosuvastatin in alleviating isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in albino rats through the analysis of cardiac enzyme levels, oxidative stress indicators, and histological alterations. Methods: The research employed adult male albino rats as an animal model to examine the effects of isoprenaline (ISO) on myocardial infarction. The rats were categorized into four groups: normal control rats, rats administered ISO subcutaneously twice at 24-hour intervals, rats treated with rosuvastatin daily for 10 days, and rats receiving daily pretreatment with vitamin D for 30 days. The study entailed isoprenaline injection for two days, succeeded by oral administration of rosuvastatin for ten days and daily oral intake of vitamin D for thirty days. Blood samples were obtained 12 hours post-second ISO injection and analyzed for lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione levels. The findings indicated that ISO therapy markedly increased cardiac enzymes and oxidative stress indicators, while diminishing antioxidant levels. Vitamin D2 and rosuvastatin separately mitigated these effects, although did not fully normalize the values. Histopathology corroborated the chemistry results. Conclusion: Vitamin D2 and rosuvastatin are recognized for their protective effects against ISO-induced myocardial injury, evidenced by enhanced biochemical markers and histological observations. Nonetheless, neither medication completely mitigated the harm, underscoring the necessity for additional research into their synergistic potential, dosage refinement, and practical implementation. The trial employed pretreatment with rosuvastatin and vitamin D2, without post-treatment, and had limited biochemical and histological assessments. The study’s unique temporal focus and homogenized tissue masked specific localized effects. Further investigation is necessary to see if the combination with vitamin D2 offers further benefits, and any modifications to medication should be conducted under professional supervision.